Various Western-fusion Burmese Instruments

The intersection of tradition, adaption, and innovation
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"由24根竹片組成的竹鍵盤,以兩鎚敲奏,演奏技巧繁多。\n\n藏品編號:SE104-19", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/906a4f8b930acb552560f769eb0a9ee1.jpg?itok=rqdx5XmH", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/906a4f8b930acb552560f769eb0a9ee1.jpg?itok=CY98uqy6", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/906a4f8b930acb552560f769eb0a9ee1.jpg?itok=uwmL8Kmw", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/906a4f8b930acb552560f769eb0a9ee1.jpg?itok=9cJjWPoD", "mfid": "906a4f8b930acb552560f769eb0a9ee1", "musicURL": "", "musicName": "", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "中研院民族所博物館 Museum of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-02.png?itok=fGKM5I0r", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-相同方式分享", "fileDisableLink": "1", "fileOversize": 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"weight": 6, "title": "Adaptation: The Incorporation of New Instruments into the Burmese Music System", "desc": "<div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><span>The Stroh violin and the banjo were both Western instruments that were gradually incorporated into Burmese orchestral instrumentation, and were used in the performance of traditional Burmese music.<br></span><br><span>In addition, there were instances where the adoption of Western instruments replaced traditional instruments.&nbsp; For instance, the Western four-stringed violin introduced by the British replaced the traditional three-stringed Burmese&nbsp;<i>tayaw</i>&nbsp;vertical violin, and the violin now appears in Burmese traditional music performances.</span><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "basic-9vsvbslvw7": { "id": "basic-9vsvbslvw7", "type": "basic", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "382999b3053e9a463f55fef77ae76781", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/00b0998616123d93c1c8b40013c7984a.jpg?itok=cluZIR8E", "level": "primary", "title": "喇叭小提琴", "desc": "由20世紀初英國人John Matthias Augustus Stroh 設 計而成,並透過其子取得專利後量產製造,因此又稱為Stroh Violin,爾後經由殖民管道傳入緬甸。它以喇叭狀的金屬共鳴體取代原來小提琴之木質音箱,因此可發出較響亮清透的音色;指板末端另設了一個小型金屬喇叭,將聲音直接傳遞至演奏者的耳裡,以便於同步聆聽。\n\n藏品編號:TP00371", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/00b0998616123d93c1c8b40013c7984a.jpg?itok=JQj4Hq72", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/00b0998616123d93c1c8b40013c7984a.jpg?itok=LaKntqYN", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/00b0998616123d93c1c8b40013c7984a.jpg?itok=TdG3lzZO", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/00b0998616123d93c1c8b40013c7984a.jpg?itok=3lXuAv6c", "mfid": "00b0998616123d93c1c8b40013c7984a", "musicURL": "", "musicName": "", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "中研院民族所博物館 Museum of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-相同方式分享", "fileDisableLink": "1", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "Stroh Violin", "desc": "<span>Named after its British designer John Matthias Augustus Stroh, the Stroh violin was introduced to Myanmar concurrent to the violin. Using a trumpet-shaped metal resonator in place of the wooden violin chamber, it produces a brighter, metallic tone. A small metal horn at the end of the fingerboard synchronously transmits the sound to the ear of the performer.<br></span><br><span>The role of the violin in Burmese silk and bamboo ensembles corresponds to the&nbsp;<i>hne</i>&nbsp;(oboe) in the&nbsp;<i>hsaìng waìng</i>&nbsp;ensemble; neither have a fixed upper pitch limit, and are capable of fine, delicate tonal changes to achieve effects similar to portamento in Western music -- described as&nbsp;<i>chò</i>&nbsp;(smooth) in the Burmese musical aesthetic. In terms of acoustic aesthetics, the violin and the&nbsp;<i>hne</i>&nbsp;have a subtle referential relationship. A local adage says that when the&nbsp;<i>hne</i>&nbsp;interprets&nbsp;<i>chò</i>, it should have a violin-like glissando effect; while the violin should emulate the vibrant sounds of the&nbsp;<i>hne</i>&nbsp;in laying a low and desolate undertone, similar to that of the Japanese shakuhachi flute.</span>", "musicName": "無", "weight": 7, "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "basic-es6hjm6247": { "id": "basic-es6hjm6247", "type": "basic", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "461fb51818a0373afb2e939c3f39b982", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/0fe40f84b25fca90123930461125b098.jpg?itok=h1-RRDFa", "level": "primary", "title": "斑鳩琴", "desc": "在美國是用來彈奏民族音樂、鄉村音樂及藍草音樂的重要樂器,於英殖民時期傳入緬甸。這把班鳩琴為仰光知名製琴師U Ba Chit及其子所製,面板上的金屬小天使為其象徵標誌。\n\n藏品編號:TP00370", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/0fe40f84b25fca90123930461125b098.jpg?itok=8Qf8L92Z", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/0fe40f84b25fca90123930461125b098.jpg?itok=gi1dnDNO", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/0fe40f84b25fca90123930461125b098.jpg?itok=G-N_-hmy", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/0fe40f84b25fca90123930461125b098.jpg?itok=gBxtoqUp", "mfid": "0fe40f84b25fca90123930461125b098", "musicURL": "", "musicName": "", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "中研院民族所博物館 Museum of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-相同方式分享", "fileDisableLink": "1", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "Banjo", "desc": "<div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><span>In the United States, the banjo is an important instrument used in performing folk, country, and bluegrass music. It was introduced into Myanmar during the British colonial period. This banjo was made in the workshop of the renowned Yangon luthier U Ba Chit and his son. U Ba Chit’s son is still alive and banjos made in his workshop can still be found on the market.<br></span><br>The metal cherub on the facing is a trademark of this banjo, which indicates that not only does the Orientalist imagination exist in the West, but those in Burma also have an imagination about the Western world.<br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div><div><div></div></div></div></div></div>", "musicName": "無", "weight": 8, "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "text-xdk8jkv79c": { "id": "text-xdk8jkv79c", "type": "text", "sortable": true, "musicName": "無", "weight": 9, "title": "Innovation: New Burmese-Western Fusion Instruments", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "", "desc": "The Burmese mandolin and the Burmese&nbsp;<i>saùng-pyà</i>&nbsp;both derive from Western instruments, and were developed along the foundation of the&nbsp;<i>saùng-gauk</i>&nbsp;(arched harp). The former was transformed from the Western mandolin, and the Burmese&nbsp;<i>saùng-pyà</i>&nbsp;was an amalgamation of the shape of the Western guitar. Since the 19th century, Burmese musicians have been using foreign instruments in performing Burmese music, developing the vibrant Burmese soundscape of that era. The physical form of foreign instruments underwent processes of transformation and were localized to become new Burmese-Western instruments that complemented distinctively Burmese musical characteristics and acoustic aesthetics." }, "basic-ed1zw7od4i": { "id": "basic-ed1zw7od4i", "type": "basic", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "7ab93133323454f7fbd7f426a873a8ba", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/6c9813717e1026af8a8aa85bfed7ff7d.jpg?itok=gTfjdwh-", "level": "primary", "title": "緬甸曼陀鈴", "desc": "西方曼陀鈴通常有四組雙弦(共八條),緬甸音樂家將其改為六條單弦,並沿用緬甸彎琴的彈撥技法。\n\n藏品編號:SE104-004", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/6c9813717e1026af8a8aa85bfed7ff7d.jpg?itok=S13IyMM4", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/6c9813717e1026af8a8aa85bfed7ff7d.jpg?itok=04OetX8L", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/6c9813717e1026af8a8aa85bfed7ff7d.jpg?itok=V88rdhF7", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/6c9813717e1026af8a8aa85bfed7ff7d.jpg?itok=G4fYivj9", "mfid": "6c9813717e1026af8a8aa85bfed7ff7d", "musicURL": "", "musicName": "", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "中研院民族所博物館 Museum of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-01.png?itok=DszBk5va", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-相同方式分享", "fileDisableLink": "1", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "The Burmese Mandolin: A Retrofitting of the Western Mandolin", "desc": "Burmese musicians altered the Western mandolin, typically with four sets of double strings (a total of eight strings), to a biphonic instrument with six single strings, and adapted the plucking technique used in playing the&nbsp;<i>saùng-gauk</i>&nbsp;(arched harp).<br><br>Tuition for the Burmese mandolin in Myanmar is usually conducted using the&nbsp;<i>pazat-hsaìng</i>&nbsp;oral memorization technique of reciting specific combinations of onomatopoeic syllables in order to commit the corresponding pitch and playing techniques to memory.&nbsp;<i>Pazat-hsaìng</i>&nbsp;may also be used with&nbsp;<i>saùng-gauk</i>; Burmese musical instruments of the same category, whether monophonic or biphonic instruments, follow the same&nbsp;<i>pazat-hsaìng</i>&nbsp;principles.", "musicName": "緬甸曼陀鈴.mp3", "weight": 10, "musicText": "", "musicURL": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_exhibition_sound/%E7%B7%AC%E7%94%B8%E6%9B%BC%E9%99%80%E9%88%B4_0.mp3" }, "imgs-nopj7htujr": { "id": "imgs-nopj7htujr", "type": "imgs", "sortable": true, "multiObjs": [ { "oid": "78857a5044a0fabdfd1c57378b2c62a7", "title": "緬甸曼陀鈴", "desc": "", "thumbURI": 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"mfid": "bba854f5195bc4b1fabc15c346ff5928", "musicURL": "", "musicName": "", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/bba854f5195bc4b1fabc15c346ff5928.jpg?itok=33PzUJM-", "fileType": "image", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "中研院民族所博物館 Museum of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-02.png?itok=fGKM5I0r", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-相同方式分享", "fileDisableLink": "1", "fileOversize": false, "level": "primary" }, "musicText": "", "musicURL": "", "displayMode": "fixed-width" }, "basic-87ukmcm5ac": { "id": "basic-87ukmcm5ac", "type": "basic", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "040e4aea8255820fd63d0a934e98c149", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/f83689f8d1baac58581074f8ab7c61f4.jpg?itok=KI2sL-Eo", "level": "primary", "title": "緬甸扁琴", "desc": "緬甸扁琴 (saùng-pyà),緬甸豎琴與西方吉他的綜合體。彈奏技巧與緬甸豎琴十分相似的扁琴,是著名豎琴家U Ba Than的父親 U Nge在1922年所創出。當時為了讓年僅十一歲的 U Ba Than 能有一個簡便的樂器可用來練習彈奏豎琴,因此模仿齊特琴體 (zither) 所創造出來的新制樂器。隨即,緬甸人發現扁琴實質上得以彌補當時豎琴的三個缺憾:價格昂貴、攜帶不易且不易調音,因此逐漸在音樂圈裡流行開來。然而,由於U Nge所製的扁琴體積過於龐大,造成彈奏者豎立琴身彈奏時,其手臂以及腋下難以施展,故有人將扁琴體積縮製,使之在彈奏上更為便利。不過終究它的音色無法取代豎琴的圓潤清亮,至今仍僅作為豎琴的練習琴使用。1922年U Nhe為改善緬甸彎琴攜帶不易及琴頸易\n斷等缺點,將其形制結合西方吉他琴體,創造出扁琴。當代緬甸彎琴音樂家將它作為練習琴之用。\n\n藏品編號:SE104-003", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/f83689f8d1baac58581074f8ab7c61f4.jpg?itok=q4T1zUfC", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/f83689f8d1baac58581074f8ab7c61f4.jpg?itok=nSaPmSFg", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/f83689f8d1baac58581074f8ab7c61f4.jpg?itok=9xLSrG5u", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/f83689f8d1baac58581074f8ab7c61f4.jpg?itok=0G95XmSt", "mfid": 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展覽音檔
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