剪式生活
剪式生活
2023/04/14
2023/05/03
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展覽頁面呈現形式
橫式
策展者
國立歷史博物館
展覽封面
a8b0b0259358900a419ae8e3b7802a4e
展覽資料
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"desc": "剪紙是傳統民間藝術的一種，以紙為材料，透過剪刀或刻刀的剪裁與刻劃，記錄與傳遞各種訊息與圖像，承載著人們的情感與記憶。剪紙題材極為廣泛，也跟當地民俗文化及使用目的相關，例如：使用於室內裝飾（窗戶、床及天花板）、節慶（婚禮、生日等慶典）或祈福（求雨、避邪等）。\n\n \n\n<br><span><br>國立歷史博物館所典藏剪紙類作品共有216件，為活化館藏資源，落實無牆博物館的服務，以網頁形式推出線上主題展，透過數位科技讓館藏更加貼近民眾，提供民眾文化近用的藝術環境。本線上主題展以深入淺出方式闡述與簡介剪紙藝術的淵源、表現技法及本館重要典藏剪紙藝術作品，並結合當代剪紙藝術的介紹，引導觀者發現剪紙藝術在生活中應用無所不在，用以推展剪紙藝術與本館典藏文物之公共性，再現剪紙藝術的風華與璀璨。</span>",
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"title": "臺灣剪紙的發展",
"desc": "剪紙技藝究竟何時傳入臺灣，目前尚無定論，但隨著清乾隆至咸豐年間，因臺灣港口正式開放，加上臺灣資源豐富，吸引了中國大陸漢人來臺開墾。這批移民因為信仰需求，聘請閩粵一帶手藝精湛的師傅來臺，開始興建廟寺，並讓師傅們將技術傳授至臺灣，造就臺灣各種手工藝的發展。同時也因祭儀所需製作紙具，當時剪紙多黏貼於糊製紙具上，如燈座、紙糊紮作等。日據時期，剪紙稱為「切紙細工」，存及於常民生活中，如元宵節走馬燈的裝飾、婚慶中祝福剪紙花樣及喪禮中紙幡與圓形紙錢等。同時也被納入當時公學校教材中，為手工科教學的一環，目的是培養學生對幾何觀念的認識、配色美感的訓練和剪紙工具的使用，教材內容有對稱剪紙，連續圖案剪紙，簡易紙提燈等。\n\n <span><br><br>民國34至38年間國民政府來台，在這批移民中，有些軍人或平民帶有剪紙技藝。爾後，政府為推動中華文化，藉由軍中文宣做政令宣導。剪紙和版畫成了軍方用來大量製作宣傳海報的手法之一，因此軍中的版畫或剪紙專長的人員，被分發到部隊成為藝工隊隊員，負責軍中的政令宣傳與文宣工作，退伍後轉成服務國中小的教師，並將剪紙技藝推廣至校園。</span>\n\n \n\n<br><br>除了國防部藝工總隊對剪紙技藝的實踐與推廣外，另一個剪紙重要的教育推廣機構即為國立歷史博物館。民國62年政府為保存傳統民俗藝術，指定由本館和教育部所屬社教館共同主辦於大學傳習剪紙藝術的研習活動。聘請的講師有陳輝、王克武、唐北光、苗延芳、郭禮士、董金如、張有為、任適政、王爾昌夫婦等。其中北部的大學在民國63至66年聯合辦理「中國剪紙藝術習作成果特展」，並於本館盛大展出後，接著展開全台的巡迴展。除了上述的成果展外，本館在民國34至69年間多次承辦剪紙展覽，如在民國64年舉辦中國剪紙藝術展出國預展，民國66年和實踐堂聯合策辦「現代剪紙藝術展」。<br><br>民國70年前後，政府對剪紙相關政策與活動由中華文化復興運動的政令宣導媒介漸漸轉變為傳統文化的保存與傳承。民國70至78年，臺灣省政府教育廳每年委由不同縣市辦理「中國傳統藝術研習」，當中曾舉辦數次剪紙研習營。民國79至101年，教育部將紙藝正式列入國中小鄉土藝術活動課程。中華文化復興總會在民國81-89年和台北市政府教育局合辦「台北市民俗活動月」，以及新北市政府自民國94至105年間辦理「新北市（台北縣）剪紙研習暨比賽」，皆先後辦理多期剪紙藝術研習班，透過種子教師培訓，讓教師們將剪紙技藝推廣至校園，後者更藉由比賽激勵剪紙創作。近幾年除了剪紙文化資產的保存與傳習外，在創新與應用方面，一些臺灣當代的創作者透過材料與技術的創新、創意的文字與圖像表現、結合動畫、虛擬科技等方式為剪紙藝術注入新的生命。",
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