海棠花，林檎果

牆外花徑特展-果部之一

展覽頁面呈現形式

橫式

策展者

黃生

楊智凱

莊貴竣

展覽封面

f939096b294d6fc5dd615d0b0a2f2b9c

展覽資料

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"[中譯]木瓜，日文名稱為ひぼけ(hiboke)花呈深紅色果實呈圓狀，與「木瓜かいどうぼけ（kaidouboke）」相同，以上兩種皆味道酸可食用且無鼻（譯者按：植物的氣孔），頭尾呈凹狀，全部可作為藥用。（頁九前頁）\n\n翻譯：林玟君", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/c9169345507e430c9edf7ad90d0c1f3d.jpg?itok=H1uxlEK8", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/c9169345507e430c9edf7ad90d0c1f3d.jpg?itok=w75ZEKbw", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/c9169345507e430c9edf7ad90d0c1f3d.jpg?itok=hAnc0Idc", "mfid": "c9169345507e430c9edf7ad90d0c1f3d", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/c9169345507e430c9edf7ad90d0c1f3d.jpg?itok=_BnU7goJ", "fileType": "image", "fileCreator": "岩崎常正", "rights": "行政院農業委員會林業試驗所", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-01.png?itok=DszBk5va", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false, "level": "primary" }, "sortable": true, "type": "imgs-child", "weight": 7 } }, "weight": 14, "title": "觀察本草圖譜中的海棠花", "desc": "藉由上述海棠四品的介紹，可以試著觀察在本草圖譜當中各種海棠的特徵是否符合，畫中有沒有描繪出喬木與灌木的植株特性、枝條上是否具有尖刺、花梗的長度等。", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "text-qshj7cdns4": { "id": "text-qshj7cdns4", "type": "text", "sortable": true, "weight": 15, "title": "海棠無香", "desc": "海棠花有腥紅、緋紅、淡紅和白等色，千嬌百媚， 但唯一可惜的地方就是海棠花幾乎沒有香味，讓許多文人雅士留下遺憾。 * 晉代的富豪石崇，看到海棠花時曾經嘆氣說：「汝若能香，當以金屋貯汝。」 * 北宋彭淵材把「海棠無香」視之為平生五恨之一。 * 張愛玲在《紅樓夢靨》嘆人生三恨，「一恨鰣魚多刺，二恨海棠無香，    三恨紅樓未完」。 ", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "quote-73llh9ndx7": { "id": "quote-73llh9ndx7", "type": "quote", "sortable": true, "weight": 16, "desc": "從古到今能讓人有這麼多憾恨之情的花，恐怕就是屬海棠了。其實美而不香的花滿山滿谷，只是對它有特別的厚愛，就有更多期待! 明末清初的李漁稱說的「海棠不盡無香，香在隱約之間」，就是這份期待啊。", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-fq0kom2xk5": { "id": "img-fq0kom2xk5", "type": "img", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "a2d8f24834d63ee5f2084f171644a06f", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/24e69e0be760c8f9d01aab97765cf95c.jpg?itok=ndcZtQKj", "level": "primary", "title": "西府海棠_種子", "desc": "Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.0)\nhttps://www.flickr.com/photos/61218143@N04/6905549572/in/photolist-s2Wngp-f1oNgf-27eXj1J-26XSv4T-JFvPg2-26XStP8-JFvRac-bwdKiw", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/24e69e0be760c8f9d01aab97765cf95c.jpg?itok=jeVnErpf", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/24e69e0be760c8f9d01aab97765cf95c.jpg?itok=w6XGF0MN", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/24e69e0be760c8f9d01aab97765cf95c.jpg?itok=fttUm0PC", "mfid": "24e69e0be760c8f9d01aab97765cf95c", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "Babij", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-02.png?itok=fGKM5I0r", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "海棠的傳播", "desc": "海棠屬的植物因為種子被堅硬的內果皮包住，因此能夠不受傷害地順利通過動物的腸道，從起源地藉由動物向四處傳播。", "weight": 17, "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "text-aeygb4e5wm": { "id": "text-aeygb4e5wm", "type": "text", "sortable": true, "weight": 18, "title": "海棠的絲路歷程", "desc": "依物種發生和演化的理論推斷，一個物種的發生少說也要一百萬年，之後的傳播和分化都受大自然的有機、無機環境的影響。像海棠這類植物，它們的祖先約在一千多萬年前出現在天山山脈，它能結鮮豔多汁的，像山楂(Crataegus)一樣的有長長果柄，豌豆大的小果實，吸引了鳥類、鹿、馬和駱駝的採食，小海棠的種子就被這此鳥獸四處傳播，也通過西伯利亞傳到了新大陸(Barrie E. Juniper (2007)。 <div> </div><div>由天山山脈出發向東行，經過一千萬年長期的擴散和當地大自然選擇(天擇)，能適應的，就分別在各地種化成湖北、湖南、四川，隴東(甘肅)，西府(陝西)，沙果子(河北)，山荊子(東北，西伯利亞)，滇池(雲南)等二十多個，各具地方特色種。這樣一條源遠流長的路徑，有點像人類兩千年前走出來的絲路。不同的是：人類打開的是貿易，植物流通的是基因。</div>", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-lae65jper9": { "id": "img-lae65jper9", "type": "img", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "359661c4e94f16e18db59d4dadff00d1", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/a0e45251faca4963b02e7ac4eeb5ee2f.jpg?itok=srKrQnmI", "level": "primary", "title": "海棠傳播路線", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/a0e45251faca4963b02e7ac4eeb5ee2f.jpg?itok=x985rbJh", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/a0e45251faca4963b02e7ac4eeb5ee2f.jpg?itok=gkNpAdSq", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/a0e45251faca4963b02e7ac4eeb5ee2f.jpg?itok=v8HXQ5_M", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/a0e45251faca4963b02e7ac4eeb5ee2f.jpg?itok=vJpy6FnX", "mfid": "a0e45251faca4963b02e7ac4eeb5ee2f", "musicURL": "", "musicName": "", "fileCreator": "莊貴竣", "rights": "莊貴竣", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示", "fileDisableLink": "0", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "海棠的傳播路線", "desc": "海棠類，也是蘋果屬(Malus)的起源地在天山一帶，向中原地帶流傳(紅色的線)，再四處傳播、適應、分化成二十多種，散佈在中國各地。", "weight": 19, "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "quote-4k8btnur97": { "id": "quote-4k8btnur97", "type": "quote", "sortable": true, "weight": 20, "desc": "除了鳥獸以外，人類對於海棠屬種類分化的選擇力道更大，從實生果樹選種，嫁接，異配(雜合)，雜交等人工育種技術，栽培出更符合人類需要的經濟植物。其中最知名的案例就是海棠屬中的蘋果。", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "text-wldht5tmbc": { "id": "text-wldht5tmbc", "type": "text", "sortable": true, "weight": 21, "title": "蘋果的育種與起源", "desc": "和蘋果親緣關係最接近的兩種海棠分別是：「花紅」，又稱沙果子(Malus asiatica)，和「秋子」，又稱大碇子(M. prunifolia (Willdenow) Borkhausen))，這兩種海棠的果實比其他的海棠果都大(果徑2公分以上)。我們的祖先以前就懂得選擇果實大的花紅、秋子實生果樹，運用選種，嫁接，異配(同種不同基因型)，雜交(不同種的交配)等人工育種技術，育成和野生種不同的奈、林檎、來禽等栽培種果樹。早在西漢時，來禽果就被用做薰屋子的香果了。據現代的研究報告推斷(Juniper 2007)，生長在陝甘內蒙等高地的大碇子和沙果子，最像是育成林檎的始祖。《廣志》，《西京雜記》，《本草綱目》等古書也有下列記載：柰有白、赤、青三種，張掖有白柰，酒泉有赤柰，來禽、林檎似赤柰，春秋柰大如兔頭。南宋陳思《海棠譜》說林檎開粉紅花，果實圓而芳香，味甜美。", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-92kavqki04": { "id": "img-92kavqki04", "type": "img", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "057b5c4afeb1d00a9399923d3bae699d", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/f3c80a90293d338e326b5da65de9db7a.jpg?itok=ne-PuOqx", "level": "primary", "title": "清蔣廷錫花卉　冊　果熟來禽", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/f3c80a90293d338e326b5da65de9db7a.jpg?itok=JFYBkdcg", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/f3c80a90293d338e326b5da65de9db7a.jpg?itok=DZyHlChg", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/f3c80a90293d338e326b5da65de9db7a.jpg?itok=We14kBE1", "mfid": "f3c80a90293d338e326b5da65de9db7a", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "國立故宮博物院", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "著作權利所有-僅能瀏覽", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "究竟是來禽還是來檎(林檎)?", "desc": "當時的畫家很喜歡繪製果熟來禽的主題，那因為蘋果味甜，能引來眾禽於林，於是乎蘋果也有了林檎、來檎之名。 從鳥和果實的體型對比一下應該就可估計在當時林檎果的大小了。", "weight": 22, "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "basic-mmq6q4ottg": { "id": "basic-mmq6q4ottg", "type": "basic", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "ea549102a7105669337545bdf17d00fc", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/adcf90ba7d3c748910483e137ce8818e.jpg?itok=-Kp5_9MN", "level": "primary", "title": "林檎", "desc": "[中譯]樹與海紅相似，樹皮背呈大片白色約一丈多，葉也與海紅相似大而厚呈紅色梨狀，春月嫩苗中有五瓣的淡紅色花簇生，結實有五六顆如石梨般圓形，熟成的話向日處會變成紅色且味道甜美。（頁二前頁、頁二後頁）\n\n翻譯：林玟君", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/adcf90ba7d3c748910483e137ce8818e.jpg?itok=HkqHdvls", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/adcf90ba7d3c748910483e137ce8818e.jpg?itok=LXKzw850", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/adcf90ba7d3c748910483e137ce8818e.jpg?itok=kV4PqVSZ", "mfid": "adcf90ba7d3c748910483e137ce8818e", "fileCreator": "岩崎常正", "rights": "行政院農業委員會林業試驗所", "rightsLogo": 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true, "type": "imgs-child", "weight": 2 }, "imgs-5kcp5rbtvk-ck2vx48aem": { "id": "imgs-5kcp5rbtvk-ck2vx48aem", "title": "臺灣蘋果", "desc": "", "primaryObj": { "oid": "5e8c964f982e237e050e6a0647c140bd", "title": "臺灣蘋果", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/eab9795c5cad12099e8975b6937ccaf1.jpg?itok=sDhiCrcZ", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/eab9795c5cad12099e8975b6937ccaf1.jpg?itok=7pTIEF9E", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/eab9795c5cad12099e8975b6937ccaf1.jpg?itok=X7TZgxcG", "mfid": "eab9795c5cad12099e8975b6937ccaf1", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/eab9795c5cad12099e8975b6937ccaf1.jpg?itok=sdxhn3Rh", "fileType": "image", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "楊智凱", "rightsLogo": 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"[中譯]樹與海紅相似，樹皮背呈大片白色約一丈多，葉也與海紅相似大而厚呈紅色梨狀，春月嫩苗中有五瓣的淡紅色花簇生，結實有五六顆如石梨般圓形，熟成的話向日處會變成紅色且味道甜美。（頁二前頁、頁二後頁）\n\n翻譯：林玟君", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/adcf90ba7d3c748910483e137ce8818e.jpg?itok=HkqHdvls", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/adcf90ba7d3c748910483e137ce8818e.jpg?itok=LXKzw850", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/adcf90ba7d3c748910483e137ce8818e.jpg?itok=kV4PqVSZ", "mfid": "adcf90ba7d3c748910483e137ce8818e", "fileCreator": "岩崎常正", "rights": "行政院農業委員會林業試驗所", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false }, "dd2e76f62bc89acf2cfe52c47a28c65e": { "level": "secondary", "oid": "dd2e76f62bc89acf2cfe52c47a28c65e", "title": "柰/奈", "desc": "[中譯]樹一、二丈多，葉與蘋果相似頗長，春月有五瓣淡紅色花，之後結實也與蘋果相似長而大，成熟為紅色，甚是美麗。接枝於海紅可生長良好，若水（譯者按：日本江戶時代物理學家、化學家、本草學家稻生若水）云不論津輕或信濃都有，其果實可曝曬於陽光下遠送等，於《大和本草》（日本江戶時期本草學家貝原益軒著，1709年出版，共21卷）載味道與蘋果相似，甘甜而香，可以治療酒病。（頁一前頁、頁一後頁）\n\n翻譯：林玟君", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/28cdf89bc1684a27b1065b0bd1d721ec.jpg?itok=fUeL-76w", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/28cdf89bc1684a27b1065b0bd1d721ec.jpg?itok=hViW3oRx", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/28cdf89bc1684a27b1065b0bd1d721ec.jpg?itok=G0b4XVqa", "mfid": "28cdf89bc1684a27b1065b0bd1d721ec", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/28cdf89bc1684a27b1065b0bd1d721ec.jpg?itok=6Zu_5eCY", "fileType": "image", "fileCreator": "岩崎常正", "rights": "行政院農業委員會林業試驗所", "rightsLogo": 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海棠花，林檎果

海棠花，林檎果

技術開發