What You May Not Know About the Hakka

The Encounter between the Hakka People and Christianity

展覽頁面呈現形式

橫式

時間軸

A chronological comparison of the Hakka movement in Taiwan's churches and in society

策展者

Huang Shiun-wey

Museum of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica

展覽封面

993cc5c27d72765562808126c75ecd17

展覽資料

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They could be regarded as pioneers of contemporary Hakka studies. ◈ More here: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/8c1efde8b330c7b21783fe129ed3c675\">The Story of Missionaries who Preached Halfway Across the Globe</a> </div>", "weight": 10, "secondaryObj": { "level": "secondary", "oid": "e4e471e8f5a5572ff2978ca5291a5d40", "title": "巴色差會傳教士飄洋過海來傳教 The Basel Missionary Went Overseas to Preach", "desc": "巴色差會於1815年成立於瑞士的巴塞爾市，最初取名為德國差會，後改名為巴色差會。\nThe Basel Mission was founded on September 25, 1815, in Basel, in the German-speaking quarter of northern Switzerland. 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As the Basel Missionary Society expanded, the society successively established hospitals in Hakka regions such as Meixian and Heyuan, as well as nursing schools and welfare organizations. ◈ More here: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/47ad44c8b52c95160ee1b2b4cbeb50a2\">The Basel Missionary Society and Western Medicine in the Hakka Region of South China</a><div> </div>", "weight": 17, "secondaryObj": { "level": "secondary", "oid": "1493648ab77b24a1c6c479f2d57b6f09", "title": "德濟護理學校師生合照 Teachers and students in Deji Nursing School", "desc": "德濟醫院在1936年設立護理學校，培訓當地女性成為護士，也分擔了宣教士在醫院的職務。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/0ad71d2f0a7b0d0e9f38ee48529f1e6d.jpg?itok=8dVue5te", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/0ad71d2f0a7b0d0e9f38ee48529f1e6d.jpg?itok=BPyiWttL", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/0ad71d2f0a7b0d0e9f38ee48529f1e6d.jpg?itok=T5a6mRTT", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/0ad71d2f0a7b0d0e9f38ee48529f1e6d.jpg?itok=UYXbhWst", "mfid": "0ad71d2f0a7b0d0e9f38ee48529f1e6d", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/0ad71d2f0a7b0d0e9f38ee48529f1e6d.jpg?itok=HMCBtxgf", "fileType": "image", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "巴色差會使命21檔案館", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-01.png?itok=DszBk5va", "fileLicence": "著作權利所有-可用於本站提供的服務", "fileDisableLink": "1", "fileOversize": false }, "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "theme-q7eryi1kko": { "id": "theme-q7eryi1kko", "type": "theme", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "094b95b92d86849771feaffff43ab942", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/673beac9ac5ee3f311f592bde15dbd7f.jpg?itok=RJVP1dHx", "level": "primary", "title": "宣教海報「浪子回頭故事」Missionary poster: \"The Story of the Prodigal Son\".", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/673beac9ac5ee3f311f592bde15dbd7f.jpg?itok=eqqtoeIo", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/673beac9ac5ee3f311f592bde15dbd7f.jpg?itok=4Cvl6lXX", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/673beac9ac5ee3f311f592bde15dbd7f.jpg?itok=CC67xvom", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/673beac9ac5ee3f311f592bde15dbd7f.jpg?itok=s6EQBRfz", "mfid": "673beac9ac5ee3f311f592bde15dbd7f", "musicURL": "", "musicName": "", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "曾福全 Thomas Tsang", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-05.png?itok=0rVBS4da", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileDisableLink": "0", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "Unit C | The network of Hakka churches in South China established by the Basel Mission", "desc": "Preaching in the inland areas of China was not easy for Western missionaries. In addition to overcoming language barriers, they also had to face risks of infection and threats by bandits. As a result, the mission society would also train local Chinese missionaries to preach inland on their own. As the work of the Basil Mission flourished in the coastal and inland areas of Guangdong province, they developed into a Southern Society based in Hong Kong, and a Northern Society centered around Wuhua County. Laying the foundation for missionary work in the northern network was Zhang Fuxing (Tsang Fuk Ming), who left to work in Hong Kong in his youth and returned to preach in his hometown. 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By 1910, the mission had established churches in about two-thirds of the Hakka areas of Guangdong Province. <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://openmuseum.tw/embed/remark/118151\" class=\"lightbox-link js-mfp-iframe\">A 1916 map of the “Three B” churches</a> The dioceses were mainly distributed around two districts in southern China. Hong Kong and Shenzhen, east of the Pearl River estuary formed the Southern Society; and the inland Dongjiang and Meijiang river basins formed the Northern Society. 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When China legally permitted Western missionaries to preach in inland areas of China, the Basel Mission’s work thrived beyond their development in Hong Kong, and the focus of their missionary work shifted to Guangdong province. However, the Society’s center of missionary operations for the Asian region remained in Hong Kong for political and operational considerations. By 1925, As the local diocese matured, expansions and economic conditions of the Tsung Tsin Mission enabled the mission to operate independently of the Basel Mission Society, which enabled missionaries to establish new diocese in other regions. Renowned Hakka expert Lo Hsiang-lin later joined the Tsung Tsin Mission. ◈ Find out more: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/4e11d93f2454af9a1f956cfcc24615ce\">Tsung Tsin Mission and Hakka Expert Lo Hsiang-lin</a> ", "musicName": "無", "weight": 20, "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-xar27bektj": { "id": "img-xar27bektj", "type": "img", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "8fca04b65d560af80d77e3ab524c5b56", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/ede639fa248e2f7fec7a67fba644ab1b.jpg?itok=ft6i1xBR", "level": "primary", "title": "樟村宣教站 Tschong-tshoun, a station of the Basel Mission in China", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/ede639fa248e2f7fec7a67fba644ab1b.jpg?itok=rZyqAKjm", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/ede639fa248e2f7fec7a67fba644ab1b.jpg?itok=uiouYxj0", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/ede639fa248e2f7fec7a67fba644ab1b.jpg?itok=zWYVekTB", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/ede639fa248e2f7fec7a67fba644ab1b.jpg?itok=CY0DWJ9l", "mfid": "ede639fa248e2f7fec7a67fba644ab1b", "musicURL": "", "musicName": "", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "巴色差會使命21檔案館", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "fileLicence": "著作權利所有-可用於本站提供的服務", "fileDisableLink": "0", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "Zhang Fuxing (Tsang Fuk Ming)and the Zhangcun Church", "desc": "Surrounded by dense forests, Zhangcun is a village situated in the rural mountains of Meizhou, Guangdong Province. After Zhang Fuxing converted to Christianity, he established “prayer meetings” and “guidance meetings” with the local faithful in Zhangcun. In 1858, he and the villagers raised a sum of money to build a church in Zhangcun, named “Gospel Hall.” It was the first church in the Hakka regions around Dongjiang and Meijiang rivers. The church later expanded to the surrounding areas, and the Zhangcun Church was given the accolades of “The Foundation of the Northern Mission Societies” and “Mother to the Faithful.” ◈ Find out more: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/3c74a54537e9945eeda7cb41632386c7\">The first seeds of the gospel in Hakka regions -- the story of Zhang Fuxing and the Basel Mission Society.</a> ", "musicName": "無", "weight": 21, "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-afgmuxxdmw": { "id": "img-afgmuxxdmw", "type": "img", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "adf8f28ea8f6d715afaf98b6e47a4280", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/728e7e0d6d2492928bf85c0012b613e9.jpg?itok=YIpkw_uT", "level": "primary", "title": "東江流域客家教會分布動態地圖 An animated map of Hakka chuches established in the Dongjiang River region", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/728e7e0d6d2492928bf85c0012b613e9.jpg?itok=tFy5Hmeu", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/728e7e0d6d2492928bf85c0012b613e9.jpg?itok=a5f4UzmD", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/728e7e0d6d2492928bf85c0012b613e9.jpg?itok=TDrhRW1Q", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/728e7e0d6d2492928bf85c0012b613e9.jpg?itok=1qS5xMKJ", "mfid": "728e7e0d6d2492928bf85c0012b613e9", "musicURL": "", "musicName": "", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "中研院民族所博物館 Museum of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileDisableLink": "0", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "The distribution and expansion of Hakka Churches in the Dongjiang river basin", "desc": "<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://openmuseum.tw/embed/remark/113847\" class=\"lightbox-link js-mfp-iframe\">◎ Map</a><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://openmuseum.tw/embed/remark/113847\" class=\"lightbox-link js-mfp-iframe\"> of the Hakka church development in the Dongjiang river basin (click to view a dynamic map)</a> The early subjects for proselytizing were neighboring villagers and distant relations. After the Zhangcun church was established, parishioners began preaching to nearby villages and more Basel Mission churches were established as a result.", "musicName": "無", "weight": 22, "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "imgs-s073hwy5de": { "id": "imgs-s073hwy5de", "type": "imgs", "sortable": true, "multiObjs": [ { "oid": "938c7309cf55a3a50328e7f057cfc1a5", "title": "宣教海報「請來罷樣樣都備齊了」 Missionary poster: \"Please Come, Everything is ready!\"", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/9a1b139e011b41355d4a93cd141c0bbc.jpg?itok=pz4XhwMk", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/9a1b139e011b41355d4a93cd141c0bbc.jpg?itok=K3GlXBfp", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/9a1b139e011b41355d4a93cd141c0bbc.jpg?itok=Zk5m-g5i", "background": 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As they are smaller in population than the Hoklo population, many missionaries relied on Hoklo dialect in proselytizing. Hugh Ritchie, who arrived at Takao (Kaohsiung) in 1867 to preach in the mountain regions of southern Taiwan, placed significant importance to spreading the gospel within Hakka communities. He learned the Hakka dialect and described the Hakka culture, becoming a pioneer as a missionary in Taiwan’s Hakka regions. ◈ Find out more: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/6be55fd17fecc311717188a02b543816\">Hugh and Elizabeth Ritchie – pioneer missionaries in Hakka regions</a>", "musicName": "無", "weight": 29, "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "basic-uqsf5vf9rr": { "id": "basic-uqsf5vf9rr", "type": "basic", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "1f612da374068fcee7e1bccc851bc7e5", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/0caf96d578de11cdec9f42ace7a28d12.jpg?itok=NqXKCxW2", "level": "primary", "title": "客家還我母語運動-01 The Hakka \"Restore My Mother Tongue\" movement in Taiwan (01)", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/0caf96d578de11cdec9f42ace7a28d12.jpg?itok=mEPTB9eA", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/0caf96d578de11cdec9f42ace7a28d12.jpg?itok=Flnopy5E", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/0caf96d578de11cdec9f42ace7a28d12.jpg?itok=wOnk9aCo", "background": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/0caf96d578de11cdec9f42ace7a28d12.jpg?itok=PBnLgqnC", "mfid": "0caf96d578de11cdec9f42ace7a28d12", "musicURL": "", "musicName": "", "fileCreator": "", "rights": "潘小俠", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-01.png?itok=DszBk5va", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileDisableLink": "0", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "The Hakka language, the Hakka movement, and cultural identity", "desc": "Post-war Taiwan was affected by the “national language” movement. The development of the Hakka language, regarded as a “dialect” was suppressed. The continuity of Hakka culture and identity also faced a crisis. In the flowering of various social movements after the lifting of martial law, Hakka social movements also came to the fore. The inaugural issue ofHakka Affairs Monthly magazine in 1987 became a symbol of the beginning of new era of the Hakka movement. The “bring back my mother tongue” march following year demanded that the government recognize the development and position of Hakka dialect. In the churches, the Presbyterian Church and the Bible Society established the “Taiwan Hakka Bible Translation Committee,” indicating the commitment to the Presbyterian tradition of proselytizing in the mother tongues. Over the course of the past 30 years, the effort to preserve the mother tongue and pass on the Hakka culture has made a multipronged approach in society and through the church. 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What You May Not Know About the Hakka

What You May Not Know About the Hakka

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