再訪，有構厲害

《有構厲害 數位互動特展》 518國際博物館日紀念線上版

展覽頁面呈現形式

橫式

故事地圖

世界各地收藏的構樹標本

很多用途、也很多人用的樹皮布

「一眼」看穿南島語族

步驟一：構樹採集

策展者

林承緯

中央研究院生命科學圖書館

展覽封面

bd9b0ea5fc1a4c301b5b8461d2018a3f

展覽資料

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Oxford Street.", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/3d9b1610cd47d137f671d075bfde125b.jpg?itok=DLkk1QJ-", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/3d9b1610cd47d137f671d075bfde125b.jpg?itok=qL-yCKPY", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/3d9b1610cd47d137f671d075bfde125b.jpg?itok=WCKxFLyo", "mfid": "3d9b1610cd47d137f671d075bfde125b", "fileCreator": "約翰．韋伯 John Webber ", "rights": "British Museum", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false, "thumb1920": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/3d9b1610cd47d137f671d075bfde125b.jpg?itok=wM_gf3tL" }, "title": "南島語族與構樹", "desc": "主要分佈在南太平洋各島嶼的南島語族，是從哪裡起源、又是如何移動遷徙到各個島嶼，一直都是考古與人類學家非常感興趣的議題。 在這個單元，讓我們回顧過往的研究與假說，描繪這個海洋民族的生活輪廓、了解到構樹做成的樹皮布，如何成為推測該民族遷徙路線的關鍵鑰匙。 ", "weight": 18, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "basic-2v8xn8sz1t": { "id": "basic-2v8xn8sz1t", "type": "basic", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "d601f36ef3eb8b3448436874ec8b6091", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/ddf728b74797652b1fc700a162fc73fa.jpg?itok=sCcJOZIV", "level": "primary", "title": "南島語族分布/南島語分布", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/ddf728b74797652b1fc700a162fc73fa.jpg?itok=k1vhyW0y", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/ddf728b74797652b1fc700a162fc73fa.jpg?itok=_ZvGs1nu", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/ddf728b74797652b1fc700a162fc73fa.jpg?itok=S2Sckbfk", "mfid": "ddf728b74797652b1fc700a162fc73fa", "fileCreator": "Christophe cagé", "rights": "維基百科", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-01.png?itok=DszBk5va", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false, "thumb1920": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/ddf728b74797652b1fc700a162fc73fa.jpg?itok=hERCNzma" }, "title": "講著相同語言的海洋民族", "desc": "19世紀，歐洲的語言學家將可能有著相同起源的語言歸納成一組，稱為「語系」；而使用相同語言，正是定義民族的重要條件之一。 經研究發現，居住在西至馬達加斯加、東至復活節島、南至紐西蘭、北至臺灣的人類（圖中的紅圈），現今所使用的大約1200種語言，可能是演化自同一種語言。 於是使用這些語言的大約3億8千萬人，便在民族人類學的領域，被統稱為「南島語族」，英文Austronesian speaking peoples（說南島語的人們）。", "weight": 19, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "storymap-kxr93j": { "id": "storymap-kxr93j", "type": "storymap", "sortable": true, "weight": 20, "sourceID": "101427" }, "imgs-tnpyecs18g": { "id": "imgs-tnpyecs18g", "type": "imgs", "sortable": true, "multiObjs": [ { "oid": "cd5455350d6f63aa5dd705a1e5643f2a", "title": "由Y染色體所推論的南島語族群分布及遷徙路徑", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/58f8192ac142700e72073b02e24beb9b.jpg?itok=qAGSqECu", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/58f8192ac142700e72073b02e24beb9b.jpg?itok=RSUp69_m", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/58f8192ac142700e72073b02e24beb9b.jpg?itok=TTtlwh2Z", "mfid": "58f8192ac142700e72073b02e24beb9b", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/58f8192ac142700e72073b02e24beb9b.jpg?itok=aZzBXf8y", "fileType": "image", "fileCreator": "Hui Li,Bo Wen,Shu-Juo Chen,Bing Su,Patcharin Pramoonjago,Yangfan Liu,Shangling Pan,Zhendong Qin,Wenhong Liu,Xu Cheng,Ningning Yang,Xin Li,Dinhbinh Tran,Daru Lu,Mu-Tsu Hsu,Ranjan Deka,Sangkot Marzuki,Chia-Chen Tan,Li Jin", "rights": "BMC Evolutionary Biology", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false, "level": "primary" }, { "oid": "765d05666c0ecd955bb4bad06e8f4fb4", "title": "由語言學及考古學推論南島語族在太平洋的遷徙路徑與年代", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/81f2205400f234d1693f96cf5ec2d200.jpg?itok=BaQhNaUN", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/81f2205400f234d1693f96cf5ec2d200.jpg?itok=VXRVgyyh", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/81f2205400f234d1693f96cf5ec2d200.jpg?itok=2AMDF65u", "mfid": "81f2205400f234d1693f96cf5ec2d200", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/81f2205400f234d1693f96cf5ec2d200.jpg?itok=JEK_qnEt", "fileType": "image", "fileCreator": "Elizabeth A. 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Matisoo-Smith", "rights": "PNAS", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-02.png?itok=fGKM5I0r", "fileLicence": "著作權利所有-僅能瀏覽", "fileOversize": false, "level": "primary" }, "sortable": true, "type": "imgs-child", "weight": 0 }, "imgs-tnpyecs18g-8efmdjwfb2": { "id": "imgs-tnpyecs18g-8efmdjwfb2", "title": "由Y染色體所推論的南島語族群分布及遷徙路徑", "desc": "", "primaryObj": { "oid": "cd5455350d6f63aa5dd705a1e5643f2a", "title": "由Y染色體所推論的南島語族群分布及遷徙路徑", "desc": "", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/58f8192ac142700e72073b02e24beb9b.jpg?itok=qAGSqECu", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/58f8192ac142700e72073b02e24beb9b.jpg?itok=RSUp69_m", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/58f8192ac142700e72073b02e24beb9b.jpg?itok=TTtlwh2Z", "mfid": "58f8192ac142700e72073b02e24beb9b", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/58f8192ac142700e72073b02e24beb9b.jpg?itok=aZzBXf8y", "fileType": "image", "fileCreator": "Hui Li,Bo Wen,Shu-Juo Chen,Bing Su,Patcharin Pramoonjago,Yangfan Liu,Shangling Pan,Zhendong Qin,Wenhong Liu,Xu Cheng,Ningning Yang,Xin Li,Dinhbinh Tran,Daru Lu,Mu-Tsu Hsu,Ranjan Deka,Sangkot Marzuki,Chia-Chen Tan,Li Jin", "rights": "BMC Evolutionary Biology", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false, "level": "primary" }, "sortable": true, "type": "imgs-child", "weight": 1 } }, "weight": 21, "title": "那要如何推測南島語族的「原鄉」呢？來看看兩大經典的假設吧！", "desc": "A.「起源自臺灣」：以考古資料及各南島語言發展軌跡判斷 →白樂思「臺灣原鄉論」＆貝爾伍德「出臺灣說」。 B.「起源自東南亞」：以遺傳學的染色體或粒線體演化軌跡判斷→奧本海默「慢船說」。", "displayMode": "fixed-width", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-b5rcn2b1kr": { "id": 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"rights": "JSTOR", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-05.png?itok=0rVBS4da", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-禁止改作", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "突破的契機—從南島語族的生活方式下手", "desc": "在討論到底哪個假說才正確之前，我們先來看看南島語族的日常生活。2005年發行的拉匹達史前文化郵票中，我們可以看到群體生活的人們使用陶器與石器狩獵採貝、生火煮食；飼養狗、雞等牲畜；並採集植物製成衣物與用具。 （有在郵票右下角看到貌似構樹的植物嗎？）", "weight": 22, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "quote-072yy3hzze": { "id": "quote-072yy3hzze", "type": "quote", "sortable": true, "weight": 23, "desc": "那麼，當他們準備要遷徙到下個島嶼時，通常會怎麼做呢？沒錯，就是「盡可能地複製、重現、維持原來的生活方式。」", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "text-x19n9u3ym1": { "id": "text-x19n9u3ym1", "type": "text", "sortable": true, "weight": 24, "title": "有關這種「複製原始生活」的行為，讓我們來認識幾個專有名詞。", "desc": "這種拓殖者為了因應險峻航程、抵達時快速安身立命，而將熟悉的工具用品、食物，以及容易繁殖的動植物一併打包上船，以複製原本生活方式的行為，在民族學上稱為「地景轉移」。 而遷徙時攜帶的這一整套能夠重現衣、食、文化的原料，則稱為「農業包裹」。南島語族的包裹，就包含了豬、雞、鼠、麵包樹、芋頭、地瓜，以及（別忘了！）得以讓樹皮布文化繼續延續的「構樹」。許多包裹中的物種並不產於移居的新島嶼，而成為了人為運送的「外來種」。太平洋地區大約有70種生物就是由此一方式在島嶼間散播。 ", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "quote-1z8w59juub": { "id": "quote-1z8w59juub", "type": "quote", "sortable": true, "weight": 25, "desc": "所以透過研究這些與人類生活息息相關的「共生物種」的地理親緣關係與演化路徑，就有可能回推出當時南島語族的遷徙路徑。 ", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "basic-xuzgs3j72h": { "id": "basic-xuzgs3j72h", "type": "basic", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "ea4bae64e40d347f682050e669373f4d", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/490ab58eb88c77c754214c3352fdd9d3.jpg?itok=tLbKS1XM", "level": "primary", "title": "夏威夷田野調查", "desc": "鍾國芳副研究員於2018年6月赴夏威夷採集構樹，參訪國立熱帶植物園(National Tropical Botanical Garden)，中為植物園科學主任(scientific director) David Lorence博士。", "thumbURI": 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"聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "theme-i4afo9xte7": { "id": "theme-i4afo9xte7", "type": "theme", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "bcb7d1d6c70b3282c021470729c2f746", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/72a60665a2f25ad006216cbd717982b8.jpg?itok=hqIENjwN", "level": "primary", "title": "智利復活節島田野調查", "desc": "2014年10月，鍾國芳副研究員於赴智利與合作團隊討論研究計畫，並一同前往野外採集。\r\n研究團隊前往復活節島西南端的知名景點Rano Kau火山口湖，湖壁四周生長的構樹為早期南島語族引入的族群。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/72a60665a2f25ad006216cbd717982b8.jpg?itok=HRe_eDtl", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/72a60665a2f25ad006216cbd717982b8.jpg?itok=wskuKAhA", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/72a60665a2f25ad006216cbd717982b8.jpg?itok=5gV7crJC", "mfid": "72a60665a2f25ad006216cbd717982b8", "fileCreator": "鍾國芳", "rights": "鍾國芳", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-05.png?itok=0rVBS4da", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false, "thumb1920": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/72a60665a2f25ad006216cbd717982b8.jpg?itok=hqIENjwN" }, "title": "開始研究！", "desc": "一路走來，我們認識了構樹與樹皮布文化，也知道了研究共生物種，可能是回答南島語族遷徙路線的重要關鍵—這正是鍾國芳老師構樹研究的主軸！現在就讓我們按部就班、一步步回顧這個重要研究的內容與發現吧！", "weight": 27, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "text-1xcmh3sa15": { "id": "text-1xcmh3sa15", "type": "text", "sortable": true, "weight": 28, "title": "故事要從2008年開始說起...", "desc": "2008年，台東史前博物館收到了日本收藏家岩佐嘉親捐贈的2萬餘件南島語族文物，其中包含了大量的樹皮布製品。 負責整理歸檔的張至善研究員，邊翻看著各式各樣的布匹邊想：在過去用共生物種分析南島語族遷徙路線的研究中，曾經看過緬甸小鼠、豬、麵包樹，但面前這些五花八門、許多島嶼都找得到的樹皮布—以及它們的原料「構樹」—卻還沒被好好討論過？ 張至善馬上撥通電話，與他的好朋友、植物分類與生物地理學家鍾國芳分享了這個想法。在研讀相關文獻後，鍾國芳覺得他好像隱約看到了太平洋構樹與南島語族遷徙歷史的可能連結：「很多部落至今仍為了樹皮布而種植構樹。這麼重要的植物，當年遷徙時必然會帶著走。」鍾國芳這樣說。 這時候，我們就只剩一個最關鍵的問題要回答了...", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "quote-s3o2iuuyul": { "id": "quote-s3o2iuuyul", "type": "quote", "sortable": true, "weight": 29, "desc": "太平洋的構樹從哪裡來？ 有什麼證據？", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "storymap-23i560n": { "id": "storymap-23i560n", "type": "storymap", "sortable": true, "weight": 30, "sourceID": "100412" }, "text-k1jnir2tka": { "id": "text-k1jnir2tka", "type": "text", "sortable": true, "weight": 31, "title": "604棵構樹的家族樹", "desc": "目前我們已經收集了604棵構樹的樣本，接下來，我們要想辦法得知它們彼此的關係。 理論上來說，如果我們知道這604個構樹樣本分別屬於哪個家族和彼此的親戚關係，我們就可以很快的畫出一份構樹的族譜圖；再來我們只要知道哪些家族比較古老、哪些家族比較新，就可以知道構樹是從哪個地區起源、按照什麼路線傳播開來的。 而這些跟家族、親緣有關的資訊，都隱藏在構樹的遺傳訊息— 也就是基因裡面。", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "basic-v97zzijzxk": { "id": "basic-v97zzijzxk", "type": "basic", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "6baf1bb43b92bd702f404494084590ae", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": 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"https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/7cf9b25cb66ff41841ba257edc456bd4.jpg?itok=C4-DkJl7" }, "title": "用基因突變畫的家族樹", "desc": "在自然狀況下，基因會因為各種原因，在某棵構樹身體裡產生突變。這個突變會遺傳給它的後代，就會產生跟它的兄弟姐妹基因型不同的「新家族」。 於是我們可以利用這些基因的突變點當作家族分支的節點，畫出一張基因的家族樹，簡稱「基因樹」。（如右圖的四個步驟） 而在基因樹末端的一個個有著不同基因型的「家族」，在遺傳學上就被稱為一組「基因單倍型」（類似一個家族分支）。基因單倍型，就是我們分辨一群構樹彼此關係的基本單位。 ", "weight": 32, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-p7ozd7mr4r": { "id": "img-p7ozd7mr4r", "type": "img", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "fee668bb68c926abd48c42548dc8edc5", "fileType": "video", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/muse_download/81d9715d25c1639eb66ff32e470279da", "level": "primary", "title": "植物學家的人類學之旅_DNA的複製與基因單型/\t植物學家的人類學之旅_DNA的複製與基因單型", "desc": "DNA突變造成許多基因單型 (haplotype)，經演化學上特定的演算法分析，各基因單型間的關係可以網狀圖來表示。\n\n中央研究院生物多樣性研究中心鍾國芳副研究員於107/06/01受科技部與科博館之邀，擔任【週末Let's go！分享大師視野】系列科普講座演講人，分享其與團隊自2008年來耕耘10年的構樹研究。\n\n演講訊息：【週末Let's go！分享大師視野】粉絲頁 https://www.facebook.com/go.masterview/\n完整演講：知識大講堂 http://knowledge.colife.org.tw/one_video/index.aspx?sid=9815", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/externals/8d6011902049a2f8d9d74210fbb0eb9c.jpg?itok=64-LN38w", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/thumbnail_medium/public/externals/8d6011902049a2f8d9d74210fbb0eb9c.jpg?itok=xZWRDSFm", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/thumbnail_big/public/externals/8d6011902049a2f8d9d74210fbb0eb9c.jpg?itok=Y5XzEM8J", "mfid": "81d9715d25c1639eb66ff32e470279da", "fileCreator": "週末Let's go！分享大師視野團隊", "rights": "週末Let's go！分享大師視野團隊", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-禁止改作", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "還聽得懂嗎？不然我們讓鍾國芳老師來親自講給你聽～", "desc": "老師的結論很重要，透過一個簡單的基因樹，我們其實就可以知道： 「誰是從誰來的、誰比誰古老」。", "weight": 33, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "quote-rkf5tieeoy": { "id": "quote-rkf5tieeoy", "type": "quote", "sortable": true, "weight": 34, "desc": "步驟二、基因分析 既然知道了背後原理，我們就來一步步看看團隊是怎麼分析這604棵構樹的吧！", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "text-ioc6zr32i8": { "id": "text-ioc6zr32i8", "type": "text", "sortable": true, "weight": 35, "desc": "經過多次測試，團隊選擇了構樹葉綠體的兩段基因（ndhF和rpl32）之間的一段DNA序列，當作分辨604棵構樹之間的差異的標準。", "title": "1. 先選定一段基因當作分析親緣關係的目標", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-m0sbp6l4l7": { "id": "img-m0sbp6l4l7", "type": "img", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "c60e52f5b63ff95a546f7978218b86cf", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=RQdXtV_R", "level": "primary", "title": "構樹葉綠體 ndhF-rpl32 基因單型網狀圖/構樹葉綠體 ndhF-rpl32 基因單倍型網狀圖", "desc": "各基因單型 (haplotype) 以不同色系表示，並標上編號1-48，跨號中的數字為樣本數，圓圈的大小與樣本數成比例，圓圈越大表示攜有該基因單型的樣本越多，小於10的樣本數未標示。出現在臺灣的基因單型以虛線表示，方形則表示該基因單型為特有基因單型 (unique haplotype)。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=aadt0TC9", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=7ykErIOR", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=C2CUipE6", "mfid": "5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b", "fileCreator": "鍾國芳", "rights": "鍾國芳", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "2. 接著用剛剛的方式畫出基因樹", "desc": "根據剛剛選定的DNA片段進行分析，把不一樣的地方（突變點）全部挑出來，總共分出了48種「單倍型」家族，再推理突變發生的先後順序，就可以把這些單倍型的關係圖畫出來了。", "weight": 36, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-someq1nvmq": { "id": "img-someq1nvmq", "type": "img", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "c60e52f5b63ff95a546f7978218b86cf", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=RQdXtV_R", "level": "primary", "title": "構樹葉綠體 ndhF-rpl32 基因單型網狀圖/構樹葉綠體 ndhF-rpl32 基因單倍型網狀圖", "desc": "各基因單型 (haplotype) 以不同色系表示，並標上編號1-48，跨號中的數字為樣本數，圓圈的大小與樣本數成比例，圓圈越大表示攜有該基因單型的樣本越多，小於10的樣本數未標示。出現在臺灣的基因單型以虛線表示，方形則表示該基因單型為特有基因單型 (unique haplotype)。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=aadt0TC9", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=7ykErIOR", "thumbBigURI": 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(haplotype) 以不同色系表示，並標上編號1-48，圖中可見各基因單型於地理上的分布以及網狀圖。\n在地圖上以圓餅圖標示不同基因單型於同一地理區所佔的比例，圓餅圖的大小對應該地的樣本數。在網狀圖中各基因單型的編號標示於圓圈內，跨號中的數字為樣本數，圓圈的大小與樣本數成比例，圓圈越大表示攜有該基因單型的樣本越多，小於10的樣本數未標示。出現在臺灣的基因單型以虛線表示，方形則表示該基因單型為特有基因單型 (unique haplotype)，僅出現在特定地理區。太平洋地區紅圈內填黑色代表標本樣本。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=UbOYU9TZ", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=7MJa51wP", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=tlCYHKZR", "mfid": "af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314", "fileCreator": "鍾國芳", "rights": "鍾國芳", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "3. 再把基因樹跟樣本的地理分佈結合...", "desc": "到這裡，一切真相都已經呼之欲出了...請你看圖試著回答看看兩個問題： Q1. 這些構樹的起源是？（編號小的基因型如綠色1號、藍色5號，都分佈在哪？）", "weight": 38, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-mhsiseo7ns": { "id": "img-mhsiseo7ns", "type": "img", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "55ad0c8ceed317a0e49edcf81e6b7266", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/413dbb81bd5d8bacb3deacf453994f8b.jpg?itok=eO295pbq", "level": "primary", "title": "福建至華中及臺灣北部地區的基因單型", "desc": "福建至華中一帶最常見的單倍型 cp-1亦為北臺灣構樹主要攜帶的基因單型。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/413dbb81bd5d8bacb3deacf453994f8b.jpg?itok=rXY6jUkW", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/413dbb81bd5d8bacb3deacf453994f8b.jpg?itok=Bk1-OFEu", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/413dbb81bd5d8bacb3deacf453994f8b.jpg?itok=kJoS_Rbo", "mfid": "413dbb81bd5d8bacb3deacf453994f8b", "fileCreator": "鍾國芳", "rights": "鍾國芳", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "A. 中國南部、中南半島、臺灣。", "desc": "沒錯！同時我們也可以發現，這些地區的單倍型多樣性也都比較高，這也是物種起源地的一大特徵； 相較之下，大洋洲各島嶼的構樹，就幾乎都是編號17、紅色的單倍型。 所以第二個問題就來了：Q2. 那大洋洲諸島的構樹從哪裡來？", "weight": 39, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "img-nxlkskig27": { "id": "img-nxlkskig27", "type": "img", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "5ff8afc92e5809c20827194b21901b42", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=tcISZcbI", "level": "primary", "title": "構樹葉綠體 ndhF-rpl32 基因單型分布及網狀圖/構樹葉綠體 ndhF-rpl32 基因單倍型分布及網狀圖", "desc": "將各基因單型 (haplotype) 以不同色系表示，並標上編號1-48，圖中可見各基因單型於地理上的分布以及網狀圖。\n在地圖上以圓餅圖標示不同基因單型於同一地理區所佔的比例，圓餅圖的大小對應該地的樣本數。在網狀圖中各基因單型的編號標示於圓圈內，跨號中的數字為樣本數，圓圈的大小與樣本數成比例，圓圈越大表示攜有該基因單型的樣本越多，小於10的樣本數未標示。出現在臺灣的基因單型以虛線表示，方形則表示該基因單型為特有基因單型 (unique haplotype)，僅出現在特定地理區。太平洋地區紅圈內填黑色代表標本樣本。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=UbOYU9TZ", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=7MJa51wP", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=tlCYHKZR", "mfid": "af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314", "fileCreator": "鍾國芳", "rights": "鍾國芳", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false }, "title": "A. 就是臺灣！", "desc": "沒錯，從基因樹來看，紅色的17號單倍型是從橘色9號、粉紫色16號單倍型突變演化而來。 而帶有橘色與粉紫色單倍型的構樹，「只有在臺灣出現」！ 所以，記得我們一開始的簡單問題嗎...", "weight": 40, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "quote-p7kxxc7c70": { "id": "quote-p7kxxc7c70", "type": "quote", "sortable": true, "weight": 41, "desc": "太平洋的構樹從哪裡來？ 「南太平洋的構樹起源自臺灣。」", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "basic-bkfq8sib9s": { "id": "basic-bkfq8sib9s", "type": "basic", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "6d36f7c0d4b96e405ce67880a9148029", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/83765eae7ca55f9179cb3286c18931d2.jpg?itok=QJNKc-uG", "level": "primary", "title": "構樹的性別在原生地、近大洋洲與遠大洋洲的分布", "desc": "採集自各地構樹樣本的雌雄比例，圖中紅色表示雌性，藍色為雄性；圓餅圖的大小與樣本數成正比。可以明顯看出太平洋地區的構樹多為雌性。", "thumbURI": 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Matthews,Andrea Seelenfreund,Daniela Seelenfreund", "rights": "PLOS one", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-05.png?itok=0rVBS4da", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false, "thumb1920": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/83765eae7ca55f9179cb3286c18931d2.jpg?itok=sVwnSNDs" }, "title": "最後一片拼圖：雌雄異株的構樹", "desc": "我們知道，就算南太平洋構樹演化自臺灣，也可能是構樹自己的傳播、不一定跟南島語族的遷徙有直接關係。 這個問題在2016年鍾國芳老師與智利團隊的研究發現下得到解答。這個關鍵的發現就是：南太平洋構樹絕大多數都是雌性。（圖中的紅色圈圈） 這代表著，這些島嶼上的構樹，都只能經由無性生殖的方式產生同性別的後代；而不是自然狀態下雌雄構樹互相授粉、以種子傳播的有性生殖。 而這些雌構樹無性生殖的主要方式，就是藉由人類協助、扦插樹根繁殖。這些人類，正是在島嶼間使用農業包裹進行一次又一次地景轉移的—南島語族。", "weight": 42, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "text-06kx3yhg2b": { "id": "text-06kx3yhg2b", "type": "text", "sortable": true, "weight": 43, "title": "故事的尾聲...", "desc": "或許，南島語族先祖攜帶構樹旅行時，只帶了雌性植株，之後藉由根部萌櫱無性繁殖的方式，讓構樹生長、傳遍一個個島嶼。 構樹的分佈，就這樣標記出了南島語族—構樹栽培與使用者—的起源與遷徙路線：從臺灣出發，沿著海洋經過印尼、新幾內亞，抵達遠大洋洲。 臺灣起源的編號17號基因單倍型，明確指出太平洋構樹的原產地，也間接佐證了南島語族起源於臺灣的假設。而這個假設，正是我們最熟悉的，「出臺灣說」。 ", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "theme-ncbsh0i46a": { "id": "theme-ncbsh0i46a", "type": "theme", "sortable": true, "primaryObj": { "oid": "8d802da732bd2601e96ae5891dc0d85d", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00.jpg?itok=71MbhiKJ", "level": "primary", "title": "Plate from \"Voyage to the Pacific Ocean\"/Tereoboo, King of Owyhee, bringing presents to Capt. Cook", "desc": "由庫克船長第一次太平洋航程的隨船畫師約翰·韋博 John Webber所繪，收錄在於1784年出版之\"Voyage to the Pacific Ocean\"，描繪的為夏威夷地區南島語族人的船隻。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00.jpg?itok=niTUkqfx", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00.jpg?itok=7-R5Bwfc", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00.jpg?itok=EzPY9Bzi", "mfid": "b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00", "fileCreator": "約翰·韋博 John Webber", "rights": "British Museum", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false, "thumb1920": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00.jpg?itok=71MbhiKJ" }, "title": "結語與後話", "desc": "有關那些還沒說完的故事。 ", "weight": 44, "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "text-tvxgcocfmc": { "id": "text-tvxgcocfmc", "type": "text", "sortable": true, "weight": 45, "title": "一趟航向未知的旅程", "desc": "構樹這種臺灣最常見的植物，意外保存了南島語族先民由臺灣至南太平洋遷徙的遺傳印記，驗證了臺灣為南島語族原鄉的出臺灣說，也再一次見證了臺灣在南島研究上的重要性。 而這項研究從2008年的一通電話開始，一走就是七年。「我們花了很多時間採集樣本、聯絡各地的標本館，某些治安不佳的田野甚至讓我們擔心自身安全。也為了 DNA 定序消耗了超過百萬元的經費。」鍾國芳說。 七年的努力，鍾國芳團隊在2015年終於以論文《<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/112/44/13537\">A holistic picture of Austronesian migrations revealed by phylogeography of Pacific paper mulberry</a>》獲得美國國家科學院刊的肯定。然而，並不是所有研究結果，都能幸運地搏得大眾關注；基礎科學的研究工作，經常是「不那麼幸運」的時候居多。 如果南島語族在數千年前攜帶的構樹，不是剛好是臺灣特有的17號單倍型、不是只有雌性植株，這個研究的成果也許就不是今天這個樣子。鍾國芳說：「科學工作重視的，是嚴謹的研究和推論過程，不論結果如何，平常心接受就好。」 5000年前，南島語族帶著構樹，勇敢離開熟悉的島嶼，航向看不見盡頭的海洋；今天的我們一樣整理好裝備、隨時準備出發，用不介意後果的心情去探索那未知的美麗世界。", "musicTip": "聽導覽", "musicName": "無", "musicText": "", "musicURL": "" }, "thanks": { "id": "thanks", "type": "thanks", "sortable": false, "thanksList": { "鍾國芳": { "rights": "鍾國芳", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "obj": [ "624cf7e6951e329e675a91d6959eaca5", "67350801b154a9c8a8d2ba28719e6254", "63ed39b9c61d41c97c44ac527df6ca64", "4d8233d768c86f04fce29d373fd2e36b", "48f67e657dbcae2108a0f7f97f42668e", "e64db420a1accd8633f50e9af7f1bcb8", "38a2e2f9179118b9885c1ad84162a0f5", "cb70ce41028b7f656822f891d9e3c632", "fe91e74f3e899fe50fd9bda259e02e38", "3b52fc199e0752c9c01a9f2bca01fca0", "8ab80aabbf4630425c3c3c98129a2f77", "ea4bae64e40d347f682050e669373f4d", "bcb7d1d6c70b3282c021470729c2f746", "6baf1bb43b92bd702f404494084590ae", "c60e52f5b63ff95a546f7978218b86cf", "5ff8afc92e5809c20827194b21901b42", "55ad0c8ceed317a0e49edcf81e6b7266", "6a2d73c5d73f6a5dde0ae19ed1b798a7" ], "objNum": 18 }, "李宜軒": { "rights": "李宜軒", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-05.png?itok=0rVBS4da", "obj": [ "82a23357bd13d0e77b0ca8bc7b97e86b", "ea7592f57abd9e2d2dc808ef8d5051ec", "72b6ad8dd15c43d2f655ba49de957937", "2d23affc0feff3726da05dbf52633e4b", "b33e95fe649b3f082a4d79d03a405821", "3002d3003633f49d633b36c65cb94a74", "0cb639fc27767d6dd0edb52ce8665c7f" ], "objNum": 7 }, "臺灣生命大百科(TaiEOL)": { "rights": "臺灣生命大百科(TaiEOL)", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-02.png?itok=fGKM5I0r", "obj": [ "10ae4047a587c8738a899f0caede8944", "2b5f5ea762493130ec065bd87380dce2", "4d783f5fef3dfed2adce83c9384db922" ], "objNum": 3 }, "黃郁嵐": { "rights": "黃郁嵐", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "obj": [ "15bcc891a3d21ca4270d76ab2a8f9c44" ], "objNum": 1 }, "數位島嶼": { "rights": "數位島嶼", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-05.png?itok=0rVBS4da", "obj": [ "f4397fd6a720f19af01bf80f8b3c67c8", "abe3410527e9e4f119ae53d9a40fc225" ], "objNum": 2 }, "中央研究院生物多樣性研究中心 (BRCAS)": { "rights": "中央研究院生物多樣性研究中心 (BRCAS)", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "obj": [ "716bc0cf85055983f4b64e14a935cea0" ], "objNum": 1 }, "The New York Botanical Garden": { "rights": "The New York Botanical Garden", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "obj": [ "feeb47b2dccc274a2a440b2a87fc6bd6" ], "objNum": 1 }, "Smithsonian Libraries": { "rights": "Smithsonian Libraries", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-02.png?itok=fGKM5I0r", "obj": [ "e20637205b4a0977c27d83471363a107" ], "objNum": 1 }, "Peter H. 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go！分享大師視野】粉絲頁 https://www.facebook.com/go.masterview/\n完整演講：知識大講堂 http://knowledge.colife.org.tw/one_video/index.aspx?sid=9815", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/externals/8d6011902049a2f8d9d74210fbb0eb9c.jpg?itok=64-LN38w", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/thumbnail_medium/public/externals/8d6011902049a2f8d9d74210fbb0eb9c.jpg?itok=xZWRDSFm", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/thumbnail_big/public/externals/8d6011902049a2f8d9d74210fbb0eb9c.jpg?itok=Y5XzEM8J", "mfid": "81d9715d25c1639eb66ff32e470279da", "fileCreator": "週末Let's go！分享大師視野團隊", "rights": "週末Let's go！分享大師視野團隊", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-禁止改作", "fileOversize": false }, "c60e52f5b63ff95a546f7978218b86cf": { "oid": "c60e52f5b63ff95a546f7978218b86cf", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=RQdXtV_R", "level": "primary", "title": "構樹葉綠體 ndhF-rpl32 基因單型網狀圖/構樹葉綠體 ndhF-rpl32 基因單倍型網狀圖", "desc": "各基因單型 (haplotype) 以不同色系表示，並標上編號1-48，跨號中的數字為樣本數，圓圈的大小與樣本數成比例，圓圈越大表示攜有該基因單型的樣本越多，小於10的樣本數未標示。出現在臺灣的基因單型以虛線表示，方形則表示該基因單型為特有基因單型 (unique haplotype)。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=aadt0TC9", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=7ykErIOR", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b.jpg?itok=C2CUipE6", "mfid": "5c1aad1651abde8c52fb143239c9d45b", "fileCreator": "鍾國芳", "rights": "鍾國芳", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false }, "5ff8afc92e5809c20827194b21901b42": { "oid": "5ff8afc92e5809c20827194b21901b42", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=tcISZcbI", "level": "primary", "title": "構樹葉綠體 ndhF-rpl32 基因單型分布及網狀圖/構樹葉綠體 ndhF-rpl32 基因單倍型分布及網狀圖", "desc": "將各基因單型 (haplotype) 以不同色系表示，並標上編號1-48，圖中可見各基因單型於地理上的分布以及網狀圖。\n在地圖上以圓餅圖標示不同基因單型於同一地理區所佔的比例，圓餅圖的大小對應該地的樣本數。在網狀圖中各基因單型的編號標示於圓圈內，跨號中的數字為樣本數，圓圈的大小與樣本數成比例，圓圈越大表示攜有該基因單型的樣本越多，小於10的樣本數未標示。出現在臺灣的基因單型以虛線表示，方形則表示該基因單型為特有基因單型 (unique haplotype)，僅出現在特定地理區。太平洋地區紅圈內填黑色代表標本樣本。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=UbOYU9TZ", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=7MJa51wP", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314.jpg?itok=tlCYHKZR", "mfid": "af77ee210df368c42d87a6ff61745314", "fileCreator": "鍾國芳", "rights": "鍾國芳", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false }, "55ad0c8ceed317a0e49edcf81e6b7266": { "oid": "55ad0c8ceed317a0e49edcf81e6b7266", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/413dbb81bd5d8bacb3deacf453994f8b.jpg?itok=eO295pbq", "level": "primary", "title": "福建至華中及臺灣北部地區的基因單型", "desc": "福建至華中一帶最常見的單倍型 cp-1亦為北臺灣構樹主要攜帶的基因單型。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/413dbb81bd5d8bacb3deacf453994f8b.jpg?itok=rXY6jUkW", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/413dbb81bd5d8bacb3deacf453994f8b.jpg?itok=Bk1-OFEu", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/413dbb81bd5d8bacb3deacf453994f8b.jpg?itok=kJoS_Rbo", "mfid": "413dbb81bd5d8bacb3deacf453994f8b", "fileCreator": "鍾國芳", "rights": "鍾國芳", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-04.png?itok=gq-PTcKL", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false }, "6d36f7c0d4b96e405ce67880a9148029": { "oid": "6d36f7c0d4b96e405ce67880a9148029", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1024/mcode/83765eae7ca55f9179cb3286c18931d2.jpg?itok=QJNKc-uG", "level": "primary", "title": "構樹的性別在原生地、近大洋洲與遠大洋洲的分布", "desc": "採集自各地構樹樣本的雌雄比例，圖中紅色表示雌性，藍色為雄性；圓餅圖的大小與樣本數成正比。可以明顯看出太平洋地區的構樹多為雌性。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/83765eae7ca55f9179cb3286c18931d2.jpg?itok=m6Txqx_i", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/83765eae7ca55f9179cb3286c18931d2.jpg?itok=hAokKzni", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/83765eae7ca55f9179cb3286c18931d2.jpg?itok=A_Libz8r", "mfid": "83765eae7ca55f9179cb3286c18931d2", "fileCreator": "Johany Peñailillo,Gabriela Olivares,Ximena Moncada,Claudia Payacán,Chi-Shan Chang,Kuo-Fang Chung,Peter J. Matthews,Andrea Seelenfreund,Daniela Seelenfreund", "rights": "PLOS one", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-05.png?itok=0rVBS4da", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false, "thumb1920": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/83765eae7ca55f9179cb3286c18931d2.jpg?itok=sVwnSNDs" }, "8d802da732bd2601e96ae5891dc0d85d": { "oid": "8d802da732bd2601e96ae5891dc0d85d", "fileType": "image", "fileURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00.jpg?itok=71MbhiKJ", "level": "primary", "title": "Plate from \"Voyage to the Pacific Ocean\"/Tereoboo, King of Owyhee, bringing presents to Capt. Cook", "desc": "由庫克船長第一次太平洋航程的隨船畫師約翰·韋博 John Webber所繪，收錄在於1784年出版之\"Voyage to the Pacific Ocean\"，描繪的為夏威夷地區南島語族人的船隻。", "thumbURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/square_thumbnail_100/mcode/b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00.jpg?itok=niTUkqfx", "thumbMediumURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_medium/mcode/b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00.jpg?itok=7-R5Bwfc", "thumbBigURI": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/thumbnail_big/mcode/b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00.jpg?itok=EzPY9Bzi", "mfid": "b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00", "fileCreator": "約翰·韋博 John Webber", "rights": "British Museum", "rightsLogo": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/styles/square_thumbnail_100/public/default_rights/memder_non-03.png?itok=h0rkcAOw", "fileLicence": "創用CC 姓名標示-非商業性-相同方式分享", "fileOversize": false, "thumb1920": "https://openmuseum.tw/files/muse_portal/muse_styles/w1920/mcode/b650e855302b710a8080177211f47e00.jpg?itok=71MbhiKJ" } }, "title": "誌謝", "desc": "本展內容取材自鍾國芳團隊策劃之數位展覽 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://brmas.openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/23fc9a7b63113167d5e98693ecc46392\">有構厲害｜子曰：「必也正名乎</a><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://brmas.openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/23fc9a7b63113167d5e98693ecc46392\">。」</a> <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http://brmas.openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/4c6df6672d9446cad5b03faafe99ed63\">有構厲害｜打樹成衣</a> <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://openmuseum.tw/muse/exhibition/9c9c5736e4d5d727e393b1f710c49bba#theme-v2iql02osl\">有構厲害｜植物學家的人類學之旅</a> 以及數位文化中心林玉雯企畫之《有構厲害 數位互動特展》文案內容。 部分知識與資訊來自《研之有物》平台文章 <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://research.sinica.edu.tw/paper-mulberry-dna-austronesian-history-chung-kuo-fang/\">植物DNA竟記載著歷史！構樹說的南島語族遷徙史</a>", "weight": 46 } }

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