蘭嶼的建築
詳細資料
[英文]Orchid Island architecture
[英文]Several Orchid Islanders, men and boys, posing for camera in loin-cloths, upper garments, and helmets. Some men are holding spears, standing on a rounded-stone wall. Kano Tadao labels the roofed structure on the left as a @Tagakal@ or pile-raised resting platform. He writes: @Almost every Yami family owns a resting platform which is erected in front of the main dwelling. It is built on four piles with the plank flooring raised about 3 meters above the ground. The roof is thatched and access is by a ladder. Resting on the platform even in the heat of midday is refreshing and the refreshing cool sea breezes make it possible to forget the unbearable heat of the tropics. From this vantage point once can also see the incoming boats with their catches of fish@ (Kano 1956, p. 70). Chen Chi-lu, following Kano, writes that one @characteristic feature of Yami construction is that the house is built in the center of a partially sunk shaft-like enclosure almost completely surrounded by high stone walls so that only the roof-tops can be seen. It is obvious that this type of construction is for protection against the violent typhoons which periodically visit the island, and therefore the type may be regarded as a local development@ (p. 266). There are two types of Yami helmet present in this photograph. One is a silver helmet, known as a vuragat, @made by joining silver plates together....It is used only on ceremonial occasions. Because such a helmet takes a long time to make and requires a large quantity of silver, it is impossible for young people to own one. To make and possess a silver helmet is a man$s life-time dream@ (p. 205). According to Chen, @the Yami supply of silver is replenished from Japanese or Chinese silver coins which are cut into small pieces and melted in a...earthen crucible....In making silver plate, the silver is heated over the fire, and then beaten out with a stone hammer on a stone anvil. It is periodically cooled by plunging it into water@ (p. 145). The other helmet shown in this image is also for ceremonial use, as evidenced by the fine weave and finished appearance. These are made of a rattan-like plant known as kasokaso@ (p. 201; 205).